Plagiarism is the representation of another author's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions as one's own original work In educational contexts, there are differing definitions of plagiarism depending on the institution.
Generally, plagiarism is not in itself a crime, but like counterfeiting fraud can be punished in a court for prejudices caused by copyright infringement, violation of moral rights, or torts. In academia and industry, it is a serious ethical offense.
In Academics
Within academia, plagiarism by students, professors, or researchers is onsidered academic dishonesty or academic fraud, and offenders are subject to academic censure, up to and including expulsion. Some institutions use plagiarism detection software to uncover potential plagiarism and to deter students from plagiarizing.
Some universities address the issue of academic integrity by providing students with thorough orientations, required writing courses, and clearly articulated honor codes.
For professors and researchers, plagiarism is punished by sanctions ranging from suspension to termination, along with the loss of credibility and perceived integrity. Charges of plagiarism against students and professors are typically heard by internal disciplinary committees, by which students and professors have agreed to be bound. Plagiarism is a common reason for academic research papers to be retracted.
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